Pig farming is the raising and breeding of domestic pigs. It is a branch of animal husbandry. Commercial pig farming in India for meat production is one of the best and profitable business ideas for the Indian people. Pigs were valued as a source of meat, fat and for the ability to turn inedible food into meat, and often fed household food waste if kept on a homestead. Pigs have been farmed to dispose of municipal garbage on a large scale. The activities on a pig farm depend on the husbandry style of the farmer. The majority of pigs are used for human food but also supply skin. Pigs grow faster than any other animals. They have higher feed conversion efficiency. Pigs can eat and consume almost all types of feed including grains, damaged food, forage, fruits, vegetables, garbage, sugarcane etc.
Pigs are farmed in many countries, though the main consuming countries are in Asia. Despite having the world’s largest herd, China is a net importer of pigs, and has been increasing its imports during its economic development. The largest exporters of pigs are the United States, European Union, and Canada. There are various methods of handling pigs which can be separated into those which lead to positive or negative reactions by the animals. These reactions are based on how the pigs interpret a handler’s behavior. Setting up pig farming business is easy and it requires little investment for building houses and buying equipment. Pig manure is a great and widely used fertilizer. Pig farming business can be a great income opportunities for the small and landless farmers. The pig population of the country is 11.1 millionas per the 2012-13 annual report of Animal Husbandry. Apart from providing meat, it is also a source of bristles and manure. In view of the importance of pig farming in terms of it’s contribution to rural poor and possible potentials for pig rearing in our country, Government of India has initiated measures to promote the pig farming on scientific lines under its five year plans.
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